ENUM

C

// ------------------------------------
// Definition
// ------------------------------------
enum myEnum {const1, const2, ..., constN};
// By default, const1 is 0, const2 is 1 and so on.

// Example
// You can change default values of enum elements during definition (if necessary).
enum ERROR_CODES {
	NO_FILE = 314,
	NO_MOUSE = 675,
	NO_PC = 999
}; // Dont forget the ; (semicolon)

// ------------------------------------
// Assignment
// ------------------------------------

enum myEnum my_variable = ENUM_CONSTANT; // Either use "enum myEnum" or a type alias
int any_variable = ENUM_CONSTANT; // direct access

// ATTENTION
// In C, enum constants are NOT scoped to the flag (enum name). Use unique names.

// Example
enum day {DAY_SUNDAY, DAY_MONDAY, DAY_TUESDAY, DAY_WEDNESDAY, DAY_THURSDAY, DAY_FRIDAY, DAY_SATURDAY};

enum day d = DAY_THURSDAY;

More Info:

• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/enumeration-enum-c/
• https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/c-enumeration

C++

// Prefer
// enum class (also called a scoped enumeration).
// Since C++11

// ------------------------------------
// Definition
// ------------------------------------
enum class MyEnum {const1, const2, ..., constN};
// By default, const1 is 0, const2 is 1 and so on.

// You can change default values of enum elements during definition (if necessary).
enum class ERROR_CODES {
	NO_FILE = 314,
	NO_MOUSE = 675,
	NO_PC = 999
}; // Dont forget the ; (semicolon)

// ------------------------------------
// Assignment
// ------------------------------------

MyEnum variable = MyEnum::const1;
MyEnum variable {MyEnum::const1}; // Uniform Initialization (Also known as Brace Initialization or List Initialization) (since C++11)

// Other Example
enum class Day {SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY};

Day day{Day::THURSDAY};

//Legacy Enum

// ------------------------------------
// Definition
// ------------------------------------
enum myEnum {const1, const2, ..., constN}; // Without class keyword

// ------------------------------------
// Assignment
// ------------------------------------

enum myEnum my_variable = ENUM_CONSTANT;
int any_variable = ENUM_CONSTANT; // direct access

// ATTENTION
// Enum constants created this way are NOT scoped to the flag (enum name). Use Modern Enum Class.

// Example
enum day {DAY_SUNDAY, DAY_MONDAY, DAY_TUESDAY, DAY_WEDNESDAY, DAY_THURSDAY, DAY_FRIDAY, DAY_SATURDAY};

enum day d = DAY_THURSDAY;

More Info:

• https://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/4-5a-enum-classes/
• https://www.learncpp.com/cpp-tutorial/45-enumerated-types/

C#

enum Color
{
	Red,
	Green,
	Blue
}

enum FileAccess
{
	Read = 1,
	Write = 2,
	Execute = 4
}

Color color = Color.Red;
int value = (int)Color.Red;
Color parsed = Enum.Parse<Color>("Red");

Java

enum Color {
	RED,
	GREEN,
	BLUE
}

enum HttpStatus {
	OK(200),
	NOT_FOUND(404);

	private final int code;

	HttpStatus(int code) {
		this.code = code;
	}

	public int getCode() {
		return code;
	}
}

Color color = Color.RED;
String name = color.name();

Rust

enum Color {
	Red,
	Green,
	Blue,
}

enum Message {
	Quit,
	Move { x: i32, y: i32 },
	Write(String),
}

let color = Color::Red;

match color {
	Color::Red => println!("red"),
	Color::Green => println!("green"),
	Color::Blue => println!("blue"),
}

Go

// Go has no enum keyword.
// Use constants with iota.

type Color int

const (
	Red Color = iota
	Green
	Blue
)

color := Red

Javascript

// No Native Enum Support.
// Use frozen objects or TypeScript enums when static typing is needed.

const Color = Object.freeze({
	Red: "red",
	Green: "green",
	Blue: "blue",
});

const color = Color.Red;

Typescript

enum Color {
	Red,
	Green,
	Blue,
}

enum HttpStatus {
	Ok = 200,
	NotFound = 404,
}

const color: Color = Color.Red;

// String enum
enum Direction {
	Up = "UP",
	Down = "DOWN",
}

Python

from enum import Enum

class Color(Enum):
	RED = 1
	GREEN = 2
	BLUE = 3

color = Color.RED
name = color.name
value = color.value